Prefix tx kernel events with `miden::protocol`

[PhilippGackstatter]

After #2197 is merged, I think we should make library paths, event names and slot names consistent in their namespacing, i.e. they should all either start with miden::protocol or miden::standards.
Slot names should be consistent after that PR, but events need a slight rename.

The task in this issue is to rename all events in crates/miden-protocol/asm/kernels/transaction/ to be prefixed by miden::protocol. So for example

event("miden::tx::prologue_start")

would become

event("miden::protocol::tx::prologue_start")

Additionally, this should also apply to:

• miden::auth::request
• miden::auth::unauthorized

These are handled manually in miden-protocol/build.rs.

Follow-Up to #2197

[sashass1315]

Can i take after 2197 merged?

[PhilippGackstatter]

@sashass1315 Yes, #2197 is merged now, so that'd be great, thanks! I'll assign you.